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1.
Rev. Méd. Inst. Mex. Seguro Soc ; 59(5): 447-456, oct. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1358084

ABSTRACT

La Convención de los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad de las Naciones Unidas promueve la participación plena y efectiva de esta población en la toma de decisiones en salud. El consentimiento informado es el proceso que impulsa la autonomía de esta población como esencia del abordaje integral e inclusivo que promueva su competencia y su capacidad jurídica. Para salvaguardar la validez del consentimiento se proponen recomendaciones que optimicen la recepción, el análisis y la comprensión de información médica mediante apoyos y ajustes razonables enfocados en la persona y el entorno, y deben estar en concordancia con la Convención.


The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities promotes the active and responsible participation of this group of people in medical care decision-making. The informed consent is the process which promotes their autonomy for an integral and inclusive approach that enhaces their competence and legal capacity. To protect the validity of the informed consent, some recommendations are proposed. These must improve reception, analysis, and comprehension of medical information through support, and reasonable accommodation focused on the person and the environment, and they must be in agreement with the Convention.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bioethics , Handicapped Advocacy , Disabled Persons , Personal Autonomy , Informed Consent , Medical Care , Decision Making , Mexico
2.
Gac. méd. Méx ; 155(1): 46-51, Jan.-Feb. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286458

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: La rehabilitación cardiaca temprana (RCT) implementada en el protocolo Código Infarto (CI) es una estrategia en la atención del infarto agudo de miocardio. El objetivo fue identificar el efecto de la RCT en pacientes incluidos en CI. Método: Estudio de casos y controles. Se incluyeron pacientes consecutivos con diagnóstico de infarto agudo de miocardio ingresados a un hospital de cardiología entre febrero de 2015 y junio de 2017. Se crearon dos grupos: I y II, antes y después de CI y RCT. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1141 pacientes: 220 del grupo I y 921 del grupo II, edad 62.64 ± 10.53 años; 80.9 % hombres y 19.1 % mujeres. Los principales factores de riesgo para los grupos I y II fueron sedentarismo, 92.7 y 77.8 %; dislipidemia, 80.9 y 55.8 %; hipertensión, 63.2 y 62 %; tabaquismo, 66.8 y 59.2 %; y diabetes, 54.5 y 59.1 %. En el grupo II se inició antes la rehabilitación (1.8 ± 1.6 y 4.2 ± 3.2) y los días en terapia intensiva y hospitalización fueron menores (2.4 ± 2.2 y 4.8 ± 4.1; 8.6 ± 5.2 y 12.3 ± 7.7), así como los días de incapacidad (58.6 y 67.7). Conclusiones: CI y RCT son estrategias complementarias que permiten alta temprana de terapia intensiva y hospitalización, mejor calidad de vida y menos días de incapacidad laboral.


Abstract Introduction: Early cardiac rehabilitation (ECR) implemented in the Infarction Code (IC) protocol is a strategy in the care of acute myocardial infarction. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of ECR in IC-included patients. Method: Case-control study. Consecutive patients diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction and admitted to a cardiology hospital between February 2015 and June 2017 were included. Two groups were created: I and II, before and after IC and ECR. Results: We included 1141 patients, 220 in group I and 921 in group II, with an age of 62.64 ± 10.53 years; 80.9 % were males and 19.1 % females. The main risk factors for groups I and II were sedentariness, 92.7 % versus 77.8 %; dyslipidemia, 80.9 % versus 55.8 %; hypertension, 63.2 % versus 62 %; smoking, 66.8 % versus 59.2 %; and diabetes, 54.5 % versus 59.1 %. Rehabilitation was started earlier (1.8 ± 1.6 versus 4.2 ± 3.2) and the days spent in intensive therapy and hospitalization were fewer in group II (2.4 ± 2.2 versus 4.8 ± 4.1 and 8.6 ± 5.2 versus 12.3 ± 7.7, p < 0.0001, respectively), as well as the days of disability (58.6 versus 67.7). Conclusions: IC and ECR are complementary strategies that allow an early discharge from intensive therapy and hospitalization, as well as better quality of life and fewer days of disability leave.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Quality of Life , Cardiac Rehabilitation/methods , Myocardial Infarction/rehabilitation , Time Factors , Case-Control Studies , Risk Factors , Disability Evaluation , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Length of Stay
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